Biokompatibilnost

Biokompatibilnost refers to the ability of a material to perform with an appropriate response in a specific application, considering the extent of that response to the best interests of the patient. In essence, it describes how well a substance or device interacts with the biological systems of a living organism. Materials that are considered biocompatible do not elicit a significant adverse reaction from the body, such as inflammation, allergic reactions, or toxicity.

The concept of biocompatibility is crucial in the development and use of medical devices, implants, prosthetics, and drug delivery systems. When a foreign material is introduced into the body, the immune system and surrounding tissues will react to it. Biocompatibility aims to ensure this reaction is minimal and does not compromise the function of the implant or the health of the patient.

Factors influencing biocompatibility include the material's chemical composition, surface properties, mechanical characteristics, and how it degrades or is resorbed over time. Different applications require different levels and types of biocompatibility. For instance, a material used for a temporary suture might have different biocompatibility requirements than a permanent hip implant. Testing and characterization are essential to determine if a material meets the necessary biocompatibility standards for its intended medical use.