Benmärgsprovtagning

Benmärgsprovtagning, also known as bone marrow aspiration or bone marrow biopsy, is a medical procedure used to examine the bone marrow. The bone marrow is a spongy tissue found inside bones that produces blood cells. This procedure is typically performed by a healthcare professional in a hospital or clinic setting.

The process involves inserting a needle into a large bone, usually the iliac crest, which is part of the pelvic bone, or sometimes the sternum (breastbone) or tibia (shinbone). A small amount of liquid bone marrow is aspirated (drawn out) using a syringe. This sample is then sent to a laboratory for examination under a microscope. A bone marrow biopsy may also be performed concurrently, where a small core of bone marrow tissue is removed using a special needle.

Benmärgsprovtagning is a diagnostic tool used to evaluate various blood disorders and cancers, such as leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, and aplastic anemia. It can also help diagnose certain infections and determine the cause of unexplained anemia, low platelet counts, or abnormal white blood cell counts. The results of the test provide crucial information for diagnosis, staging, and treatment planning.

The procedure is generally safe, but potential risks include minor pain, bleeding, or infection at the puncture site. Patients may experience some discomfort or soreness after the procedure, which can usually be managed with pain medication.