Basts

Basts are a type of fibrous plant material derived from the phloem, or inner bark, of certain plants. This fibrous tissue is typically found surrounding the woody stem of dicotyledonous plants. Basts are characterized by their long, strong fibers, which are often highly valued for their textile and industrial applications.

The extraction of bast fibers typically involves retting, a process where the plant material is soaked in water or subjected to microbial action to separate the fibers from the woody core and pectin that binds them together. Once separated, the fibers can be processed into yarns and fabrics, or used for ropes, mats, and other durable materials.

Common examples of plants yielding bast fibers include flax (Linum usitatissimum), which produces linen; hemp (Cannabis sativa); jute (Corchorus spp.); and ramie (Boehmeria nivea). These fibers have been utilized by humans for millennia, forming the basis of numerous historical and contemporary industries. The properties of bast fibers, such as their tensile strength, absorbency, and biodegradability, make them versatile and environmentally friendly materials. The cultivation and processing of bast fiber crops can also contribute to agricultural economies and sustainable practices.