Baleariche

Baleariche is the term used in Italian to refer to the Balearic Islands, an archipelago in the western Mediterranean that forms an autonomous community of Spain. The group comprises Majorca, Minorca, Ibiza, Formentera and several smaller islets. The capital and largest city is Palma de Mallorca, located on Majorca, which serves as the administrative and economic center of the archipelago. The Balearics lie off the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula and are known for a long coastline, diverse landscapes and a mild Mediterranean climate with hot summers and mild winters.

Geography and environment play a central role in Balearic life. The Serra de Tramuntana mountain range runs along Majorca’s northwest coast, while Minorca is flatter and renowned for its wetlands and shorelines. Cabrera Archipelago National Park near Cabrera Island protects marine habitats and is a notable example of the region’s commitment to conservation. The area is famous for its beaches, coves and clear waters, which underpin a large seasonal tourism industry.

History and governance. The Balearic Islands have been inhabited since prehistoric times and were influenced by Phoenician, Carthaginian and Roman periods before becoming part of the Crown of Aragon. In the modern era they are an autonomous community of Spain, with their own regional government and Parliament established by statute. Official languages are Spanish and Balearic Catalan, the latter represented in regional administration and education.

Economy and culture. Tourism dominates the economy, complemented by services, crafts and agriculture (notably almonds and vineyards). Cultural heritage includes historic cities, churches and festivals, as well as culinary traditions such as ensaimada. Notable landmarks include the Cathedral of Santa Maria in Palma and the well-preserved old town of Ibiza, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.