Bacteriochlorophyllbased

Bacteriochlorophyll-based describes pigments, systems, or technologies that use bacteriochlorophylls—naturally occurring photosynthetic pigments found in various anoxygenic (non-oxygen-producing) bacteria. These pigments absorb light at longer wavelengths than plant chlorophylls, enabling organisms to harvest infrared and far-red light in low-light or specialized ecological niches.

Several chemically distinct bacteriochlorophylls (commonly designated a, b, c, d, e, g) differ in absorption spectra and occur in different bacterial groups. They are integral components of light-harvesting complexes and reaction centers, transferring excitation energy to photochemical centers where it drives electron transfer and ATP production. Bacteriochlorophyll-based photosynthesis typically operates without evolving oxygen and is found in purple bacteria, green sulfur bacteria, green non-sulfur bacteria, and heliobacteria, among others.

Because of their spectral properties, bacteriochlorophylls enable colonization of deep, turbid, or shaded aquatic habitats and microbial mats where red and blue light is depleted. In research and applied science, bacteriochlorophyll-based systems inform studies of natural energy conversion and inspire biohybrid and biomimetic devices for light harvesting, photodynamic therapy, and infrared-responsive materials. Challenges for application include pigment stability, extraction, and integration with synthetic components.

Overall, bacteriochlorophyll-based phenomena highlight diverse evolutionary solutions to capturing solar energy and remain a subject of interest in ecology, photobiology, and bioengineering.