Bázikus

Bázikus is a Hungarian adjective meaning "base" or "alkaline" and is used across several domains to denote basic or foundational aspects as well as chemical bases. In chemistry, bázikus substances are bases. Depending on the theoretical framework, bases are substances that can accept protons (Bronsted–Lowry) and/or release hydroxide ions in water (Arrhenius). Common examples include sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), ammonia (NH3), and many carbonates or oxides. In aqueous solutions bases typically have a pH above 7 and they neutralize acids to form water and a salt. They often feel slippery and can be caustic, and they turn red litmus paper blue.

Beyond pure chemistry, the term is used more generally to describe something foundational, essential, or forming the basis of a system. For instance, phrases like “bázikus elvek” would refer to basic or foundational principles in a given field.

In geology or mineralogy, Hungarian usage can also employ bazikus to describe rocks with a basic (low-silica, mafic) chemical composition, as opposed to felsic rocks. In such contexts the term signals a qualitative difference in rock chemistry rather than a precise laboratory classification.

Etymologically, bázikus is formed from the noun bázis (base) with the adjectival suffix -ikus, reflecting its primary sense related to base or basic characteristics. The term appears most frequently in Hungarian scientific writing when discussing chemistry, material science, and related disciplines, but it also functions in general language to denote fundamental concepts.