Auxíliodoença

Auxílio-doença, or auxílio por incapacidade temporária, is a Brazilian social security benefit for insured workers who are temporarily unable to work due to illness or injury. It is administered by the National Institute of Social Security (INSS) and can cover employees, self-employed contributors, and other insured individuals according to current rules.

Eligibility requires proof of incapacity through medical evidence and a medical evaluation (perícia médica) performed by the INSS or designated health services. The incapacity must be temporary and caused by a non-occupational condition or by a work-related illness or accident; there are specific provisions for workplace accidents or occupational diseases that may affect the process and terms.

Application is made to INSS, with documentation such as identification, proof of contribution, work records, and medical certificates. In some cases, the employer may initiate the process or provide provisional sickness payments while the benefit is assessed.

Duration and renewal depend on medical reassessments and the evolution of the condition. The benefit is granted for a period determined by medical evaluation and may be extended if recovery is ongoing. If incapacity becomes permanent, the worker may be eligible for aposentadoria por invalidez (permanent disability pension).

Amount is calculated from the insured's contribution history and follows INSS formulas, representing a portion of the salary base used to determine benefits, subject to statutory limits and adjustments. The payment typically ends when the beneficiary can return to work or after a final disability determination.

Auxílio-doença is part of Brazil's social safety net, intended to maintain income during temporary disability and to support recovery and eventual reintegration into the workforce.