Augustan

Augustan is an English adjective derived from Augustus, the title adopted by Gaius Octavius Thurinus when he became the first Roman emperor in 27 BCE. In historical usage it relates to the reign of Augustus and to the early principate era that followed, a period often associated with centralized authority, political stability, and the Pax Romana.

In classical studies, Augustan design denotes a style that emphasizes balance, order, clarity, and restrained ornament. Roman architecture, sculpture, and urban planning during this period served as models for later neoclassical art and for imperial propaganda. The term also appears in descriptions of Augustus’s own projects, such as the Forum of Augustus and the Ara Pacis, which were intended to legitimize his rule through reference to traditional Roman virtues.

In later usage, Augustan can describe works, policies, or sensibilities that aim to emulate the perceived rationality and civility of Augustus’s era. The expression Augustan Age is often used to denote a broader cultural movement in Western history, especially the 18th century, when neoclassical art, literature, and political philosophy sought to revive classical ideals of order, virtue, and public service.

See also: Augustus; Augustan age; Augustan architecture; Pax Romana; Princeps.