Augendruck

Augendruck is a term derived from German, literally translating to "eye pressure." In medical contexts, it refers to the intraocular pressure (IOP), the fluid pressure inside the eye. This pressure is maintained by the balance between the production and drainage of aqueous humor, a clear fluid that fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye.

Elevated IOP can be a significant risk factor for glaucoma, a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve. This damage can lead to vision loss and blindness if left untreated. Conversely, abnormally low IOP, known as hypotony, can also cause vision problems and occur after eye surgery or due to certain medical conditions.

Measuring augendruck is a routine part of comprehensive eye examinations. Various methods are used, including tonometry, with the Goldmann applanation tonometer being considered the gold standard. Other techniques involve non-contact tonometry, which uses a puff of air to flatten the cornea. Regular monitoring of augendruck is crucial for early detection and management of conditions like glaucoma, helping to preserve vision. Factors such as age, race, family history, and certain medical conditions can influence IOP.