Atseetanhüdriidi

Atseetanhüdriidi, also known as acetic anhydride, is a chemical compound with the formula (CH₃CO)₂O. It is an organic compound that serves as a crucial reagent in various chemical synthesis processes. Its structure is characterized by two acetyl groups linked by an oxygen atom. Atseetanhüdriidi is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor and is flammable.

The primary industrial production of atseetanhüdriidi involves the carbonylation of methyl acetate or the dehydration of acetic acid. It is a key intermediate in the production of cellulose acetate, a material used in photographic film, textiles, and cigarette filters. It is also employed in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, including aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), and other chemicals such as dyes and perfumes.

In organic chemistry laboratories, atseetanhüdriidi is frequently used as an acetylating agent. It readily reacts with alcohols and amines to introduce an acetyl group (CH₃CO-) into these molecules, forming esters and amides, respectively. This acetylation process is fundamental to modifying the properties of organic compounds and is a common step in multistep syntheses. Due to its reactivity, atseetanhüdriidi must be handled with care, as it can cause severe burns upon contact with skin and eyes.