Asjadeõiguslik

Asjadeõiguslik is the branch of civil law that governs the legal relationships arising from things, i.e., objects that can be owned, used, or encumbered. It deals with who may own a thing, how ownership and possession are acquired and transferred, and how property can be used or restricted. The field covers both real property (immovable property such as land and buildings) and movable property, and it regulates related rights and obligations.

A central distinction in asjadeõiguslik is between real rights and personal rights. Real rights are enforceable against the whole world and concern a particular thing, such as ownership, easements, and security interests like mortgages. Personal rights arise from contracts or other legal relationships and apply to specific persons or groups.

Key topics include ownership, possession, and use; transfer of rights through sale, gift, inheritance, or other transactions; leases and other usage rights; servitudes and easements that restrict or authorize use of property; and encumbrances such as mortgages or liens that limit a property's free transfer.

Registration and evidence are commonly important, with many property rights requiring entry in a public registry or cadastre to be fully effective against third parties. Asjadeõiguslik interacts with contract law, inheritance law, tax law, and regulation of land use and environmental protection. It provides the legal framework for everyday activities such as housing, business operations, and asset management.