Aschkonformitáti

Aschkonformität, often simply referred to as the Asch conformity experiments, were a series of studies conducted by social psychologist Solomon Asch in the 1950s. These experiments aimed to investigate the extent to which social pressure from a majority group could influence a person to conform. Asch sought to determine if individuals would publicly agree with an obviously incorrect answer when the majority of the group gave that same wrong answer.

The typical experimental setup involved a single naive participant who believed they were part of a group of other participants. However, all the other individuals in the group were confederates, meaning they were aware of the experiment's true purpose and had been instructed to give specific answers. The task involved comparing the length of a line segment to three other line segments. On some trials, the confederates would unanimously provide the incorrect answer.

The results of the Asch experiments demonstrated a significant level of conformity. A substantial percentage of naive participants agreed with the incorrect majority opinion on at least one of the critical trials. This indicated that individuals were willing to go against their own clear perception and judgment to align with the group, even when the group's answer was demonstrably false. The experiments highlighted the powerful influence of social conformity and the desire to belong or avoid social rejection. Subsequent variations explored factors influencing conformity, such as group size and the presence of a dissenter.