Artemisiniiniyhdistelmähoito

Artemisiniiniyhdistelmähoito, often abbreviated as ACT (Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy), is a standard treatment for uncomplicated malaria. It involves the use of a drug containing an artemisinin derivative in combination with one or more other antimalarial drugs. The artemisinin component acts quickly to reduce the number of parasites in the blood, while the partner drug(s) help to eliminate any remaining parasites. This combination approach is highly effective because it significantly reduces the risk of drug resistance developing.

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends ACTs as the first-line treatment for Plasmodium falciparum malaria, the most deadly form of the disease. Several different artemisinin derivatives are used, including artesunate, artemether, and dihydroartemisinin. These are combined with various partner drugs, such as lumefantrine, amodiaquine, mefloquine, and piperaquine. The specific combination used can vary depending on the geographical region and the local patterns of drug resistance.

ACTs have played a crucial role in reducing malaria morbidity and mortality globally. Their effectiveness stems from the rapid action of artemisinin derivatives and the sustained effect of the partner drugs, which work synergistically to clear the infection. However, vigilance is maintained regarding the potential for resistance to artemisinin and its partner drugs, necessitating ongoing monitoring and research into new treatment strategies.