Antiösztrogén

Antiösztrogén is a term used to describe substances that block or reduce the effects of estrogen in the body. Estrogen is a primary female sex hormone, but it is also present in males and plays a role in various bodily functions for both sexes. Antiösztrogének can be broadly categorized into selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) and aromatase inhibitors. SERMs work by binding to estrogen receptors, acting as antagonists in some tissues (blocking estrogen's effects) and as agonists in others (mimicking estrogen's effects). Aromatase inhibitors, on the other hand, work by preventing the enzyme aromatase from converting androgens into estrogens, thereby lowering overall estrogen levels.

These compounds have diverse medical applications. SERMs, such as tamoxifen and raloxifene, are widely used in the treatment and prevention of certain types of breast cancer. They are also employed to manage menopausal symptoms and osteoporosis. Aromatase inhibitors are primarily used in postmenopausal women to treat hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer. In men, antiösztrogének can be used to treat conditions like gynecomastia (enlarged breast tissue) or to manage side effects of other medications that increase estrogen levels. Research continues into new applications and mechanisms of action for antiösztrogén compounds.