Antimikrobisena

Antimikrobisena refers to the resistance of microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, to antimicrobial drugs. This resistance renders the drugs ineffective, making infections harder to treat and increasing the risk of disease spread, severe illness, and death. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health crisis.

The primary drivers of AMR are the overuse and misuse of antimicrobial medicines in humans and animals. When microorganisms are exposed to antimicrobial drugs, those that possess resistance mechanisms survive and multiply, while susceptible microorganisms are killed. This process leads to the selection and proliferation of resistant strains. Factors contributing to overuse and misuse include prescribing antibiotics for viral infections, incomplete treatment courses, and their widespread use in agriculture for growth promotion and disease prevention.

Consequences of AMR are significant. Infections caused by resistant microorganisms can be more difficult and expensive to treat, requiring alternative or more toxic drugs. This can lead to prolonged hospital stays, increased mortality rates, and greater healthcare costs. AMR threatens modern medicine, as many medical procedures, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and organ transplantation, rely on effective antimicrobial treatments to prevent and manage infections.

Preventing and controlling AMR requires a multifaceted approach. This includes promoting the responsible use of antimicrobial drugs, improving infection prevention and control measures, developing new antimicrobial medicines and diagnostic tools, and raising public awareness about the issue. International cooperation and coordinated strategies are essential to combat this growing global threat.