Angioedeema

Angioedema is a swelling that occurs deeper in the skin. It often affects the lips, tongue, face, and throat, but can also occur in the hands, feet, and genitals. It can develop rapidly and may be accompanied by hives, which are itchy welts on the skin. In severe cases, angioedema of the throat can cause breathing difficulties and is a medical emergency.

There are several types of angioedema. Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare genetic disorder that causes recurrent episodes of swelling. Acquired angioedema is not inherited and can be caused by various factors, including autoimmune diseases, certain medications like ACE inhibitors, or cancers. Allergic angioedema is triggered by an allergic reaction to foods, insect stings, or medications. Idiopathic angioedema occurs without a known cause.

Diagnosis typically involves a medical history, physical examination, and sometimes blood tests to identify underlying causes or genetic mutations. Treatment depends on the type and severity of angioedema. For mild cases, antihistamines and corticosteroids may be used. For HAE and severe episodes, specific medications that target the underlying pathways of swelling are available. Prompt medical attention is crucial for any angioedema that affects breathing.