Angin

Angin is the Indonesian and Malay word for wind, the horizontal movement of air relative to the Earth's surface. Wind arises from differences in atmospheric pressure, driven by solar heating, and is a fundamental component of weather and climate. It helps distribute heat and moisture around the planet and influences weather patterns, ecosystems, and human activities.

Physically, wind results from the pressure gradient force acting on air, and it is modified by the Coriolis effect due to the Earth's rotation and by friction with the surface. Wind speed and direction are measured with instruments such as anemometers and wind vanes, and are commonly described using the Beaufort scale or in meters per second and kilometers per hour. Weather forecasts report wind alongside temperature, humidity, and precipitation.

Common wind patterns include sea breezes and land breezes near coasts, mountain and valley winds, and larger-scale systems such as the trade winds, westerlies, and monsoons. Localized phenomena include katabatic winds that descend slopes and canyons and foehn or chinook winds that descend and warm air on the leeward side of mountains.

Winds influence many aspects of life and the environment: they shape weather and climate, affect aviation and sailing, contribute to erosion and pollutant dispersion, and provide a renewable energy source through wind power. In maritime regions, winds such as the monsoon system have historically guided navigation, agriculture, and daily life.