Andreenihormonit

Andreenihormonit, also known as adrenal hormones, refer to the hormones produced by the adrenal glands, which are small triangular glands located on top of each kidney. These hormones play essential roles in regulating various physiological processes, including metabolism, immune response, blood pressure, and stress adaptation.

The adrenal glands consist of two main parts: the adrenal cortex and the adrenal medulla. The cortex produces corticosteroids such as cortisol, aldosterone, and androgens. Cortisol, often called the stress hormone, regulates metabolism, immune response, and helps the body respond to stress. Aldosterone primarily manages electrolyte balance and blood pressure by controlling sodium and potassium levels. Adrenal androgens are weak male hormones that contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and can be converted into more potent hormones like testosterone and estrogen.

The adrenal medulla secretes catecholamines, mainly adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline (norepinephrine). These hormones are involved in the "fight-or-flight" response, increasing heart rate, blood flow to muscles, and glucose release for energy during stressful situations.

Disorders related to andreenihormonit include Addison's disease, characterized by insufficient hormone production, and Cushing's syndrome, resulting from excess cortisol. Other conditions include adrenal tumors and hormonal imbalances affecting development and metabolic regulation.

Overall, andreenihormonit are vital for maintaining homeostasis and enabling the body's response to internal and external stressors. Their balanced secretion is crucial for health and well-being.