Andelsvirksomhed

Andelsvirksomhed, often translated as cooperative enterprise or co-operative business, is a form of business organization that is owned and controlled by its members. These members are typically the users of the enterprise's services or products, or the workers who are employed by it. The fundamental principle of an andelsvirksomhed is that it is run for the benefit of its members, rather than for the maximization of profit for external shareholders.

Key characteristics of an andelsvirksomhed include democratic member control, where each member usually has one vote regardless of their capital contribution. Any surplus generated is often distributed among members in proportion to their patronage, or reinvested in the enterprise to improve services or benefits for the members. Andelsvirksomheder can operate in a wide variety of sectors, including retail (food co-ops), housing (housing co-ops), agriculture (farmer co-ops), finance (credit unions), and worker-owned businesses.

The concept emphasizes shared ownership, shared responsibility, and shared benefit. This structure can foster a strong sense of community and mutual support among its members. They are often seen as an alternative to traditional capitalist enterprises, prioritizing people and purpose alongside profit. The legal framework and specific operating principles can vary by country, but the core idea of member ownership and democratic control remains consistent.