Altaians

The Altaians are a Turkic ethnic group indigenous to the Altai Mountains in Siberia, Russia. They are historically divided into two main groups: the Mountain Altaians, who inhabit the southern and western parts of the Altai Republic, and the Lowland Altaians, who traditionally lived in the northern areas. Their culture is deeply intertwined with the natural landscape of their homeland, which has influenced their traditional livelihoods of nomadic pastoralism, hunting, and fishing. Historically, the Altaians practiced shamanism, a spiritual tradition that venerates nature spirits and ancestral spirits.

The Altaian language, part of the Turkic language family, has several dialects that correspond to the main ethnic divisions. In recent centuries, Russian influence has been significant, leading to a decline in the use of the native language among younger generations. The economy of the Altai region has also seen a shift from traditional practices towards more modern industries and tourism. Despite external pressures, the Altaians maintain a distinct cultural identity, with efforts underway to preserve their language, traditions, and unique spiritual heritage. The Altai Republic, where many Altaians reside, is known for its stunning natural beauty and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.