Alphaolefiinien

Alphaolefiinien, also known as alpha-olefins or linear alpha-olefins (LAOs), are a group of organic compounds with the chemical formula $C_nH_{2n}$ where the double bond is located at the alpha position, meaning between the first and second carbon atoms. They are unsaturated hydrocarbons, specifically alkenes, characterized by a terminal double bond.

Alphaolefiinien are primarily produced through the oligomerization of ethylene. Common processes include the Shell Higher Olefin Process (SHOP) and the Ziegler process. The resulting products are linear molecules with varying chain lengths, typically ranging from C4 to C30+. The specific chain length distribution is controlled by the process parameters.

These compounds are important intermediates in the petrochemical industry. Their primary application is as co-monomers in the production of polyethylene, particularly linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The incorporation of alphaolefiinien into the polyethylene chain alters the polymer's properties, improving flexibility, tear strength, and stress crack resistance.

Beyond polyethylene, alphaolefiinien find use in the synthesis of plasticizer alcohols, synthetic lubricants (polyalphaolefins or PAOs), detergent alcohols, and drilling fluids. Their reactive double bond makes them versatile building blocks for a wide range of chemical products.