Alkioliuos

Alkioliuos is a Finnish term that translates to "alkaline solution" in English. It refers to any aqueous solution that has a pH greater than 7. This means that the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) is higher than the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+). Alkaline solutions are often basic in nature, though the terms alkaline and basic are sometimes used interchangeably in common language.

The alkalinity of a solution is determined by the presence of dissolved bases. Common examples of alkaline solutions include solutions of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), and ammonia (NH3). These substances dissociate in water to release hydroxide ions, thereby increasing the pH. Alkaline solutions can range from mildly alkaline, such as soapy water, to strongly alkaline, like concentrated lye.

Alkaline solutions have various applications in chemistry and industry. They are used in neutralization reactions to counteract acids, in cleaning products due to their ability to dissolve fats and oils, and in chemical synthesis. In biological systems, many bodily fluids, such as blood, are maintained within a slightly alkaline pH range to support cellular function. Conversely, highly alkaline solutions can be corrosive and require careful handling.