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Alkene

An alkene is a type of hydrocarbon characterized by the presence of at least one carbon-carbon double bond. These unsaturated compounds are a subset of aliphatic hydrocarbons and are also known as olefins. The general chemical formula for alkenes is CnH2n, indicating that they contain twice as many hydrogen atoms as carbon atoms, minus the number of double bonds present.

Alkenes are naturally occurring in various substances, such as plant oils and fossil fuels, and are widely

The carbon atoms in alkenes are sp2 hybridized, resulting in a trigonal planar geometry around each double-bonded

Common examples of alkenes include ethene (ethylene) and propene (propylene). Their physical properties depend on molecular

References:

- March, J. (1992). "Advanced Organic Chemistry." Wiley.

- Clayden, J., Greeves, N., Warren, S., & Wothers, P. (2001). "Organic Chemistry." Oxford University Press.

used
in
chemical
manufacturing.
They
are
typically
produced
through
processes
like
cracking
of
larger
hydrocarbons
or
as
by-products
during
petroleum
refining.
The
double
bond
in
alkenes
introduces
a
site
of
high
reactivity,
making
them
useful
as
intermediates
in
the
synthesis
of
plastics,
solvents,
and
other
chemicals.
carbon.
This
configuration
restricts
the
rotation
around
the
double
bond,
leading
to
geometric
isomerism,
such
as
cis-
and
trans-
forms.
Alkenes
exhibit
characteristic
reactions,
including
addition
reactions
where
elements
or
compounds
add
across
the
double
bond
and
polymerization
reactions,
which
form
long
chains
of
repeating
units.
size
and
structure,
but
they
generally
exist
as
colorless
gases
or
liquids
at
room
temperature.
Due
to
their
reactivity,
alkenes
are
essential
in
industrial
chemistry
and
serve
as
building
blocks
for
various
synthetic
compounds.