Alcedo

Alcedo is a genus of kingfishers in the family Alcedinidae, comprising several species found in the Old World, particularly Africa, southern Asia, and parts of Australasia. They inhabit waterways and wetlands, including rivers, mangroves, and lakes, where they perch conspicuously along banks while watching for prey. The genus name is derived from Latin terms historically used for kingfishers.

Physically, members of Alcedo are small to medium-sized kingfishers with bright blue upperparts and orange or rufous underparts. They have long, pointed bills and relatively short tails. Plumage patterns vary among species, but the shared coloration makes them distinctive.

Ecology and behavior: Alcedo species feed mainly on fish, taking aquatic invertebrates and small crustaceans as available. They hunt by perching above water and diving headfirst to catch prey. They are generally territorial and vocal, particularly during the breeding season.

Reproduction: Most species nest in burrows dug into riverbanks or decayed wood, with clutch sizes typically ranging from a few eggs to several, depending on species. Both parents usually participate in incubation and feeding of the young.

Conservation: Several Alcedo species are widespread and listed as least concern, but others have restricted ranges or declining populations due to habitat loss, water pollution, and disturbance of aquatic ecosystems. Protection of waterways and related habitats is important for their persistence.

Notable species: The common kingfisher (Alcedo atthis) is among the best-known representatives of the genus.