Akutbronchitis

Akutbronchitis, also known as acute bronchitis, is a short-term inflammation of the lining of the airways (bronchi) in the lungs. It is usually caused by viral infections, but can occasionally be triggered by bacteria or irritants such as smoke or air pollution. Most cases resolve within a few weeks.

Common symptoms include a sudden cough that may produce mucus, chest discomfort or a feeling of tightness, wheezing, shortness of breath, and sometimes low-grade fever or fatigue. The cough typically lasts longer than the other symptoms, often several days to a few weeks. In children, fever can be more prominent, while adults may experience irritative cough without high fever.

Diagnosis is based on clinical evaluation. A doctor will review symptoms, perform a physical examination, and listen to the chest. Chest imaging is not routinely required unless pneumonia is suspected, the cough is prolonged, or there are high-risk features. Sputum testing is not routinely performed in uncomplicated cases.

Treatment focuses on symptom relief and supportive care. Rest, fluids, and over-the-counter analgesics or antipyretics may help. Cough suppressants and inhaled bronchodilators may be used for relief of cough and wheeze in some patients. Antibiotics are not routinely recommended, since most cases are viral; they may be considered if bacterial infection is suspected or in individuals at high risk of complications.

Prevention includes vaccination against influenza and pneumococcus where appropriate, avoiding tobacco smoke and other irritants, and practicing good hand hygiene. Most people recover fully, although the cough can linger for several weeks. Seek medical attention for fever, chest pain, shortness of breath, or symptoms suggesting pneumonia.