Akrylonitriili

Akrylonitriili, also known as vinyl cyanide or propenenitrile, is an organic compound with the formula CH2=CHCN. It is a colorless, volatile liquid with a pungent odor. Akrylonitriili is a highly reactive and flammable substance.

The primary industrial use of akrylonitriili is in the production of polymers. It is a key monomer in the synthesis of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) plastics, which are widely used in automotive parts, electronic housings, and consumer goods. It is also a precursor to polyacrylonitrile fibers, used in textiles and as precursors for carbon fiber production. Furthermore, akrylonitriili is used in the production of nitrile rubber, known for its resistance to oil and chemicals.

Akrylonitriili is typically produced through the Sohio process, which involves the ammoxidation of propylene. This process reacts propylene, ammonia, and oxygen over a catalyst.

Exposure to akrylonitriili can be harmful. It is toxic if inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through the skin. It can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. Long-term or high-level exposure may lead to more serious health effects. Due to its hazardous nature, strict safety precautions are necessary during its production, handling, and use. Environmental regulations govern its release and disposal.