Afstandscomponent

Afstandscomponent is a term found in some Scandinavian and Dutch contexts that refers to the distance component of a vector along a specified direction. In vector mathematics, this is essentially the projection of a vector onto a chosen axis or line.

Mathematically, if v is a vector and û is a unit vector in the direction of interest, the afstandscomponent of v along û is given by the scalar projection v · û. The corresponding vector projection is (v · û) û. The scalar magnitude of the component can also be expressed as |v| cos θ, where θ is the angle between v and û.

A simple example: let v = (3, 4) and let û = (1, 0). The afstandscomponent of v along û is v · û = 3. If û points in a different direction, the value changes according to the dot product, yielding the component of v in that direction.

Applications of the concept include physics, engineering, computer graphics, and navigation, where it is useful to decompose a quantity into parts along particular directions, such as along a line of sight, a path, or a constraint axis. The term emphasizes the component relative to a distance or directional axis, rather than a fixed coordinate axis.

Notes: afstandscomponent is closely related to the standard ideas of dot product, scalar projection, and vector projection. In English-language literature, the more common terms are projection along a direction or component along a direction. The concept is direction-dependent and can be negative if the vector points opposite to the chosen direction.