Adsorptiijäähdytys

Adsorptiijäähdytys, also known as adsorption cooling or solid sorption cooling, is a refrigeration technology that utilizes the physical process of adsorption to create cooling. Unlike vapor compression refrigeration, which relies on the compression and expansion of a refrigerant gas, adsorption cooling uses a solid adsorbent material and a refrigerant fluid.

The process typically involves two main components: an adsorbent bed and an evaporator. The adsorbent material, often silica gel or activated carbon, has a porous structure that can attract and hold refrigerant molecules. During the cooling cycle, the refrigerant is vaporized in the evaporator, creating a cooling effect. This refrigerant vapor is then adsorbed onto the surface of the adsorbent material.

The adsorption process is driven by a temperature difference. When the adsorbent is at a lower temperature, it can adsorb more refrigerant. Conversely, when the adsorbent is heated, it releases the adsorbed refrigerant vapor. This release of vapor can then be condensed and recycled, or it can be used to drive a secondary cooling stage.

Adsorption cooling systems are often powered by a low-grade heat source, such as waste heat, solar thermal energy, or geothermal energy. This makes them an energy-efficient and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional refrigeration methods, especially in applications where waste heat is readily available. The technology is used in various applications, including air conditioning, industrial process cooling, and even in some mobile cooling units. The absence of moving parts like compressors generally leads to quieter operation and lower maintenance requirements.