Adenovirukset

Adenovirukset is a family of common viruses that can cause a range of illnesses in humans. These viruses are named after the adenoid tissue where they were first isolated. Adenoviruses are generally spherical and have a double-stranded DNA genome. They are known for their stability and ability to survive in various environmental conditions.

Infection with adenoviruses typically occurs through direct contact with infected individuals, inhalation of respiratory droplets, or contact with contaminated surfaces and water. Symptoms can vary widely depending on the specific type of adenovirus and the part of the body infected. Common manifestations include respiratory illnesses such as the common cold, bronchitis, pneumonia, and pharyngitis. Adenoviruses can also cause conjunctivitis (pink eye), gastroenteritis (vomiting and diarrhea), and cystitis (bladder inflammation). In some cases, they can lead to more severe conditions, particularly in individuals with weakened immune systems.

Most adenovirus infections are self-limiting and resolve without specific treatment, with supportive care focusing on symptom relief. However, for certain severe or persistent infections, antiviral medications might be considered, although they are not always effective. Prevention strategies primarily involve good hygiene practices, such as frequent handwashing and avoiding close contact with sick individuals. Vaccines against certain adenoviruses exist and are used in specific populations, such as military recruits, to prevent outbreaks of respiratory illness.