AXLs

AXLs, also known as an AXL kinase or receptor tyrosine-protein kinase, are a family of receptor tyrosine kinases that play a crucial role in cell growth, survival, and migration. In humans, there are three members of the AXL family: AXL, MER, and TYRO3. These receptors are involved in various biological processes, including embryonic development, immune system function, and wound healing.

The AXL receptor is a transmembrane protein that is activated by binding to its ligand, growth arrest-specific gene 6 (Gas6). Upon activation, AXL initiates downstream signaling pathways that regulate gene expression and cellular functions. Dysregulation of AXL signaling has been implicated in the development and progression of various diseases, particularly cancer. In many cancers, AXL is overexpressed and contributes to tumor growth, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. Consequently, AXL has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment.

AXL signaling also plays a role in the immune system. It is expressed on various immune cells, including macrophages and dendritic cells, and influences their function and interactions with other cells. For instance, AXL has been shown to modulate inflammatory responses and contribute to immune tolerance. Research into the multifaceted roles of AXL continues to uncover its significance in both normal physiological processes and disease pathogenesis.