ALVN

ALVn, often written ALV-N, is an abbreviation used in biology and virology. In most scientific literature it denotes Avian leukosis virus subgroup N, one of the subgroups within Avian leukosis virus (ALV). ALVs are enveloped RNA viruses in the genus Alpharetrovirus of the family Retroviridae that infect birds, particularly chickens. Subgroups A through E and J and K have been described; ALV-N represents a more recently characterized lineage identified by distinct sequence features in the env gene and other parts of the genome.

Pathogenicity and host range vary by strain; infections can be associated with tumorigenesis (leukosis), immunosuppression, or growth disturbances in susceptible hosts, though the precise outcomes depend on viral genotype and host factors. Transmission can occur vertically from infected breeders to offspring via the egg, and horizontally through close contact or contaminated materials. Management in poultry settings focuses on biosecurity, testing and culling of infected flocks, and maintaining disease-free breeding stock.

In other contexts, ALVn can stand for different organizational or project acronyms, so context is important to determine meaning. When encountered in virology, ALV-N almost always refers to Avian leukosis virus subgroup N. See also Avian leukosis virus, Retroviridae, Alpharetrovirus.