ACSL1

ACSL1, also known as long-chain fatty acid-CoA ligase 1, is an enzyme encoded by the ACSL1 gene. This enzyme plays a crucial role in cellular metabolism by catalyzing the activation of long-chain fatty acids. It converts these fatty acids into their corresponding acyl-CoA thioesters. This activation step is essential for a variety of cellular processes, including fatty acid synthesis, beta-oxidation, and the synthesis of complex lipids like triglycerides and phospholipids.

ACSL1 is a member of the ACSL family, which consists of five isoforms in mammals. Each isoform exhibits distinct tissue distribution and substrate specificities, contributing to the overall regulation of lipid metabolism. ACSL1 is widely expressed in various tissues, with particularly high levels found in the liver, heart, and adipose tissue, reflecting its importance in energy homeostasis and lipid storage.

Dysregulation of ACSL1 activity has been implicated in several metabolic disorders, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Its involvement in key metabolic pathways makes it a potential therapeutic target for these conditions. Research continues to explore the precise mechanisms by which ACSL1 influences cellular function and its contribution to disease pathogenesis.