ACF1

Acf1, also known as Activated RNA Polymerase II CTD phosphatase 1, is a protein encoded by the ACF1 gene in humans. It is a member of the Always Early (AE) family of RNA polymerase II CTD phosphatases. Acf1 plays a crucial role in the regulation of transcription by dephosphorylating the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II. This dephosphorylation is a key step in the transcription cycle, influencing the recruitment of various factors involved in RNA processing, such as capping, splicing, and polyadenylation.

The activity of Acf1 is regulated and it interacts with other proteins to ensure proper coordination of transcription and RNA processing events. It is thought to contribute to the transition from transcription initiation to elongation and to the termination of transcription. Dysregulation of Acf1 activity has been implicated in certain cellular processes and may be linked to various diseases, although further research is ongoing in this area. The precise mechanisms by which Acf1 functions and its full range of biological roles are subjects of active investigation in molecular biology and cell biology.