802154based

802154based (commonly written 802.15.4-based) denotes devices, networks, and systems built on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard, which specifies the physical and MAC layers for low-rate wireless personal area networks. The core goal is low power consumption, low cost, and short-range operation to support battery-powered sensors and actuators in dense deployments. Many 802.15.4-based systems use higher-layer protocols such as ZigBee, Thread, or WirelessHART to provide networking and applications, while the 802.15.4 PHY/MAC remains the foundation.

Key characteristics include data rates up to 250 kbps in the 2.4 GHz band and lower rates in sub-GHz bands (868/915 MHz). Range is typically tens to hundreds of meters, depending on environment and frequency. The standard supports star, cluster-tree, and mesh topologies through a PAN coordinator and multiple devices. Addressing uses 64-bit extended addresses with optional 16-bit short addresses assigned by the PAN coordinator, enabling networks that can include many devices. Security features include AES-128 encryption, frame integrity, and optional authentication.

Common use cases are smart homes, industrial monitoring, building automation, and environmental sensing. The 2.4 GHz variant offers broad compatibility and higher throughput, while sub-GHz variants trade speed for longer range and better penetration. The 6LoWPAN adaptation layer enables IPv6 over 802.15.4, and Thread and ZigBee provide standardized application stacks on top of the PHY/MAC.

History and variants: 802.15.4 was standardized in the early 2000s with revisions since; it remains a foundation for many low-power IoT networks.