700s

The 700s refer to the span of one hundred years from 700 to 799 CE. This period falls within the Early Middle Ages and witnessed significant developments across various civilizations. In Europe, the 700s saw the Carolingian Empire rise to prominence under rulers like Charles Martel and Pepin the Short. The Battle of Tours in 732 CE marked a turning point in the Umayyad Caliphate's expansion into Europe. Monasticism continued to flourish, and the foundations of many European kingdoms were being laid.

In the Islamic world, the Abbasid Caliphate was established in the mid-700s, ushering in a Golden Age of Islamic civilization characterized by advancements in science, philosophy, and the arts. Baghdad became a major center of learning and culture. Across the Mediterranean, the Byzantine Empire faced challenges from Arab invasions but maintained its influence.

In East Asia, the Tang Dynasty in China experienced a period of stability and cultural flourishing, though it also saw internal strife. Japan, during the Nara period, was heavily influenced by Chinese culture and saw the development of its own unique political and religious institutions. The 700s were a dynamic century, shaping the trajectory of numerous cultures and empires for centuries to come.