5fluorouraasiksi

5fluorouracil, often abbreviated as 5-FU, is a chemotherapy medication used in the treatment of various cancers. It belongs to a class of drugs known as antimetabolites, specifically pyrimidine analogs. 5-FU works by interfering with DNA and RNA synthesis, which are essential for cell growth and division. By inhibiting these processes, it slows down or stops the growth of cancer cells.

The drug is typically administered intravenously or topically. Intravenous 5-FU is used to treat a range of solid tumors, including colorectal cancer, breast cancer, stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer, and head and neck cancers. Topical formulations are employed for certain skin conditions, such as actinic keratosis and superficial basal cell carcinoma.

The effectiveness of 5-FU can vary depending on the type and stage of cancer, as well as individual patient factors. Like many chemotherapy agents, 5-FU can cause side effects. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mouth sores, fatigue, and a decrease in blood cell counts, which can increase the risk of infection. Skin reactions, such as redness and sensitivity, can occur with topical application.

The metabolism and excretion of 5-FU are primarily handled by the liver. Dosing and treatment regimens are carefully determined by oncologists to maximize therapeutic benefit while minimizing toxicity. 5-FU has been a cornerstone of cancer treatment for many years and continues to be an important option in chemotherapy regimens, often used in combination with other drugs.