4nitrochlorobenzene

4-Nitrochlorobenzene, also known as para-nitrochlorobenzene or p-nitrochlorobenzene, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H4ClNO2. It is a yellow crystalline solid at room temperature. It is a derivative of chlorobenzene, with a nitro group attached at the para position of the benzene ring.

The compound is produced industrially by the nitration of chlorobenzene. This reaction typically uses a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and sulfuric acid. The reaction yields a mixture of isomers, primarily 2-nitrochlorobenzene and 4-nitrochlorobenzene, which are then separated.

4-Nitrochlorobenzene is an important intermediate in the synthesis of various other chemicals. It is used in the production of dyes, pigments, pharmaceuticals, and rubber chemicals. For example, it is a precursor to 4-chloroaniline, which is used in the synthesis of azo dyes. It can also be reduced to 4-nitroaniline or converted to 4-chlorophenol.

The compound is toxic and can be harmful if inhaled, swallowed, or absorbed through the skin. It is also an environmental pollutant. Proper handling procedures and safety precautions are necessary when working with 4-nitrochlorobenzene, including adequate ventilation and personal protective equipment.