499999999999

499,999,999,999 is a natural number equal to five hundred billion minus one (5 × 10^11 − 1). In decimal notation it is written as 499,999,999,999, a 12-digit number that lies just below 500,000,000,000 and above 499,999,999,998.

It is odd and not divisible by 2 or 5. The sum of its digits is 103, so the number is congruent to 1 modulo 3 and 4 modulo 9. Using small-modulus checks, it is congruent to 3 modulo 7 and 5 modulo 11, indicating it is not divisible by these primes.

In binary form, the number lies between 2^38 and 2^39, so it requires 39 bits for its representation. This places it in the upper portion of the 38- to 39-bit range used for integers.

In terms of data size, 499,999,999,999 bytes is approximately 466 GiB (gibibytes) or about 500 GB in decimal terms, illustrating how such a value can appear in storage contexts.

There is no widely known mathematical constant or theorem associated specifically with this number. It is primarily encountered as a large, round-like decimal value often used as an example or boundary in computational or numerical discussions.