2x2Tabellen
2x2 tabellen, also called contingency tables, summarize the association between two binary variables. They have two rows and two columns, yielding four cells typically labeled a, b, c, and d. In a common setup, the rows represent exposure (yes/no) and the columns represent outcome (present/absent). The cell counts record how many observations fall into each category.
Measures of association: The odds ratio (OR) is (a*d)/(b*c) and describes how the odds of the outcome
Statistical testing: The chi-squared test for independence assesses whether there is an association between the two
Applications and interpretation: In diagnostic testing, the table is formed from test results versus true condition,