2pentanol

2-Pentanol, also known as pentan-2-ol or sec-pentanol, is an aliphatic secondary alcohol with the formula C5H12O. It exists as two enantiomers due to the chiral center at the second carbon, and is commonly obtained as a racemic mixture.

The molecule consists of a five-carbon chain with the hydroxyl group on the second carbon: CH3-CHOH-CH2-CH2-CH3. The chiral center gives R- and S-2-pentanol, and resolution into enantiomers is possible.

It is a colorless, flammable liquid with a characteristic odor. Boiling point is about 119°C; it is miscible with many organic solvents and is only sparingly soluble in water.

As a secondary alcohol, 2-pentanol can be oxidized (PCC or permanganate) to pentan-2-one (methyl ethyl ketone). Dehydration under acid gives 2-pentene (a mixture of cis/trans). It can form esters, ethers, and undergo typical halogenation to give 2-bromopentane or other derivatives. Its chirality allows enantioselective transformations in stereospecific syntheses.

It is used as a solvent and as an intermediate in the manufacture of fragrances, flavors, and chemical syntheses. It may be present as a trace impurity in fuels and other solvents.

2-Pentanol is a flammable liquid and an irritant to skin and eyes. Inhalation or ingestion may affect the nervous system. It should be handled with appropriate PPE and in a well-ventilated area according to regulations.