2G3G

2G3G is a term used to describe cellular systems, devices, or deployments that support both second-generation and third-generation mobile technologies. It reflects the common practice in the 2000s and 2010s of operating 2G and 3G networks in parallel to provide voice services while enabling mobile data as 3G coverage expanded.

Technically, 2G refers to early digital cellular networks such as GSM and its data variants GPRS and EDGE, as well as CDMA-based 2G technologies. 3G encompasses networks like UMTS/WCDMA and CDMA2000 with higher data throughput. Dual‑mode handsets and modems are capable of accessing either generation and can hand over between networks to maintain connections. This coexistence facilitated smoother migration from 2G to 3G and later to 4G, without requiring immediate replacement of all devices or infrastructure.

In practice, 2G delivered basic voice and modest data services, while 3G introduced substantially faster data connections suitable for web browsing and multimedia applications. Typical data rates for 2G data ranged from a few tens of kilobits per second (with enhancements like GPRS and EDGE) up to around 100–300 kbps, whereas early 3G services offered several hundred kilobits per second to several Mbps with further improvements through HSPA and related technologies. The ability to operate across both generations was especially important during network upgrades and for roaming.

Today, many operators continue to maintain 2G alongside 3G or higher generations for legacy coverage,IoT devices, and rural areas. Some regions have started sunset plans for 2G, while 3G remains a bridge to newer networks such as 4G and 5G, ensuring ongoing service continuity for essential communications.