18491929

1849–1929 is a chronological bracket used by historians to connect the latter half of the 19th century with the early 20th century. The span covers major transformations across Europe, the Americas, and Asia, including the Second Industrial Revolution, urbanization, and the expansion of global trade and empire.

The year 1849 marks events such as the California Gold Rush and the political aftermath of the 1848 revolutions in various countries; the late 19th century saw rapid technological innovations (electricity, steel, railways, telecommunication) and the consolidation of nation-states and imperial empires.

The first two decades of the 20th century were dominated by global conflict and upheaval: World War I (1914–1918), the Russian Revolution of 1917, and the postwar treaties of 1919–1920; the 1918 influenza pandemic also had a global impact. The 1920s, often called the Roaring Twenties, featured economic growth and cultural change in many regions, alongside rising political tensions.

The year 1929 marks a watershed with the stock market crash and the onset of the Great Depression, which reshaped economies and policy worldwide. Because the world is uneven, historians sometimes adjust the endpoints depending on regional histories.