12Dichloroethane

1,2-Dichloroethane, also known as ethylene dichloride (EDC), is a chlorinated hydrocarbon with the formula C2H4Cl2. It is a colorless, flammable liquid at room temperature with a distinct odor. The molecule consists of two adjacent carbon atoms bearing one chlorine atom each.

Production and principal uses: Ethylene dichloride is produced by direct chlorination of ethylene or by related chlorination routes. Its primary industrial use is as a feedstock for the production of vinyl chloride monomer, the precursor to polyvinyl chloride (PVC). It is also employed as a solvent and as an intermediate in the synthesis of other chlorinated organic compounds.

Physical properties: EDC has a boiling point near 83.5°C and a density around 1.25 g/cm3 at room temperature. It is miscible with many organic solvents but only sparingly soluble in water. Vapors are denser than air and can form flammable mixtures with air.

Safety and environmental considerations: Ethylene dichloride is toxic and can affect the liver, kidneys, and nervous system; inhalation or skin contact can cause irritation and other health effects. Long-term exposure may pose greater health risks, and the compound is generally managed under strict occupational and environmental controls. It is not readily degraded in the environment and can contaminate air and water, with spills requiring containment and proper remediation. Worker exposure limits and regulatory handling requirements vary by country and are typically governed by chemical safety and environmental protection agencies.

See also: Vinyl chloride monomer, PVC production, chlorinated hydrocarbons.