105mm

The designation "105mm" most commonly refers to a caliber of artillery, specifically a 105-millimeter gun. This size has been widely adopted for various types of artillery pieces throughout history and in contemporary military applications. Historically, 105mm howitzers were prominent in World War II, serving as a standard field artillery piece for many nations due to their balance of firepower, mobility, and range. Examples include the German 10.5 cm leFH 18 and the American M2A1 105mm howitzer.

In modern warfare, 105mm artillery continues to be relevant. It is used in towed artillery systems, self-propelled howitzers, and even as the main armament on some armored vehicles and tanks, though larger calibers are more common for main battle tanks. The 105mm round offers significant destructive power against infantry, light armor, and fortifications, while remaining relatively easy to transport and deploy compared to larger artillery pieces. Its ammunition is also generally more readily available and less costly than that of larger caliber guns. The versatility and proven effectiveness of the 105mm caliber have ensured its continued presence on battlefields worldwide.