økotoksikologi

Okotoksikologi, also known as ecotoxicology, is the study of the effects of toxic chemicals on biological organisms, especially at the population and ecosystem level. It combines principles from toxicology and ecology to understand how the presence of pollutants in the environment impacts living things and the natural world. This field investigates the adverse effects of environmental contaminants, such as pesticides, heavy metals, and industrial waste, on wildlife, plant life, and microbial communities.

The primary goal of ecotoxicology is to assess the risks posed by environmental pollution. This involves identifying toxic substances, determining their pathways through the environment (e.g., water, soil, air), and understanding how organisms are exposed to them. Researchers then examine the biological responses at various levels, from cellular and molecular changes to effects on individual organisms, populations, and entire ecosystems. This can include studying impacts on reproduction, growth, behavior, and survival.

Ecotoxicology plays a crucial role in environmental management and regulation. The data generated by ecotoxicological studies informs decisions about chemical safety, pollution control, and the restoration of contaminated environments. By understanding the potential harm of certain substances, regulatory bodies can set limits on their use and release, helping to protect biodiversity and maintain ecological balance for future generations.