önfelszívásra

önfelszívásra is a Hungarian term that translates to "self-priming" or "self-absorption." In a technical context, it most commonly refers to the ability of a pump to draw liquid into its impeller chamber without external assistance. This is crucial for pumps that operate above the liquid level they are intended to pump.

Self-priming pumps are designed with specific features that allow them to expel air from the suction line and the pump casing. Once air is removed, the atmospheric pressure on the liquid surface can then push the liquid into the pump, initiating the pumping cycle. This is in contrast to non-self-priming pumps, which must be filled with liquid (primed) before they can operate.

The mechanism for self-priming can vary between pump designs. Some employ a separate priming chamber that holds a reserve of liquid. As the pump operates, this liquid is recirculated, trapping air and expelling it until the casing is full of liquid. Other designs might utilize special valve arrangements or impeller geometries to achieve the same effect.

The advantage of self-priming pumps lies in their convenience and ability to operate in situations where manual priming is difficult or impossible, such as in submersible applications or when the pump is located at a significant distance from the liquid source. They are commonly found in applications like wastewater pumping, drainage, and domestic water supply systems.