õhukütust

Õhukütus, also known as air-fuel mixture, refers to the blend of air and a combustible substance that is necessary for combustion to occur in many engines and heating systems. This mixture is fundamental to the operation of internal combustion engines, gas turbines, and various types of burners. The precise ratio of air to fuel is critical for efficient and complete combustion, impacting power output, fuel economy, and emissions.

In gasoline engines, the fuel-air mixture is typically created in either a carburetor or an electronic fuel injection system. The ideal ratio for gasoline is known as the stoichiometric ratio, which is approximately 14.7 parts of air to 1 part of fuel by mass. Deviations from this ratio, either richer (more fuel) or leaner (more air), can affect engine performance and emissions. For diesel engines, the process is different, with fuel injected directly into compressed hot air, leading to auto-ignition.

In industrial and domestic heating applications, such as furnaces and boilers, controlling the air-fuel mixture is also essential for optimal burning of fuels like natural gas, propane, or oil. Insufficient air can lead to incomplete combustion and the production of harmful carbon monoxide, while excessive air can waste energy by heating unnecessary amounts of air. Modern systems often employ sensors and control mechanisms to maintain the correct air-fuel ratio for safety and efficiency. The study and control of õhukütust is a key aspect of combustion engineering.