áttételével

Áttételével is a Hungarian grammatical construction that indicates the passive voice or a state of being acted upon. It is formed by combining the past participle of a verb with a form of the auxiliary verb "van" (to be). This construction is analogous to the English passive voice, such as "is broken" or "was seen."

The past participle in Hungarian is typically formed by adding suffixes like -t, -tt, -et, or -ött to the verb stem. For example, the verb "törni" (to break) has the past participle "tört." When used with "van," "tört van" would mean "is broken." Similarly, "látni" (to see) has the past participle "látott," and "látott van" means "is seen."

The auxiliary verb "van" conjugates according to the subject and tense. For instance, in the present tense with a third-person singular subject, it would be "van." For a third-person plural subject, it would be "vannak." Therefore, "törve vannak" would mean "they are broken."

This grammatical structure is crucial for conveying actions performed on a subject rather than by a subject. It is a common feature in Hungarian and appears in various contexts, from simple descriptions of states to more complex sentence structures. Understanding áttételével is essential for comprehending Hungarian grammar and accurately translating sentences.