áteresztdését

Áteresztését is a term used in Hungarian to denote the act or process of allowing something to pass through a barrier or medium, i.e., transmission or permeation. It is formed from the verb átereszt (to let pass) with nominalizing endings that describe the act itself. In general usage, the phrase can refer to the passage of light, substances, or signals through a material, membrane, or channel.

In optics and photonics, áteresztését commonly refers to transmittance: the fraction or percentage of incident light that emerges on the other side of a medium. It is influenced by wavelength, material properties, thickness, and surface reflections. Transmittance is complemented by absorption and reflection, and is a key parameter in lenses, coatings, and optical filters.

In materials science and chemistry, áteresztését describes permeation or permeance across membranes or barriers. For gases or liquids, it is described by fluxes and permeability coefficients, often depending on concentration gradients and temperature. In biological contexts, it relates to membrane permeability and the rate at which substances traverse cellular barriers.

In electronics and signal processing, áteresztését relates to the passage of signals through a component or network, such as the pass-band behavior of filters. A higher áteresztését within a specified frequency range indicates that the component effectively transmits those frequencies while attenuating others.

Measurement and standards for áteresztését vary by domain, with common frameworks including optical transmittance metrics, diffusion and permeability tests for materials, and frequency response specifications for electrical systems. The concept is inherently contextual, tying the degree of transmission to the relevant barrier, medium, and spectral or chemical conditions.

See also: transmittance, permeability, diffusion, filter, membrane.