állítvány

In Hungarian grammar, an állítvány, often translated as predicate, is a core component of a sentence that expresses an action, state, or characteristic of the subject. It typically consists of a verb or a verbal phrase, but it can also be a noun or adjective phrase in certain constructions. The állítvány defines what the subject is doing, what it is like, or what state it is in. For example, in the sentence "A kutya fut" (The dog runs), "fut" is the állítvány. In "A ház nagy" (The house is big), "nagy" functions as the állítvány, indicating a state of being.

The állítvány agrees with the subject in person and number. This agreement is crucial for correct Hungarian sentence structure. In sentences with copular verbs like "van" (to be), the copular verb often forms part of the állítvány, especially when a predicate noun or adjective follows it. For instance, "Ő egy orvos" (He is a doctor), where "egy orvos" acts as the predicate, and the implied "van" is understood. Understanding the állítvány is fundamental to comprehending Hungarian sentence construction and meaning. It provides the essential information about the subject, completing the thought of the sentence.